Tariff number 7202800000 80 - Ferro-tungsten and ferro-silico-tungsten

Note 1(c) to this chapter defines ‘ferro-alloys’, specifying in particular the limits of contents of non-ferrous alloy elements and of the element iron. For the classification of ferro-alloys in the subheadings of heading 7202, see subheading note 2 to this chapter. Thus, for example, a ferro-alloy containing more than 30 % of manganese and 8 % or less of silicon is classified in subheadings 7202 11 20 to 7202 19 00; if, however, it contains more than 30 % manganese and more than 8 % silicon, it is classified in subheading 7202 30 00. Similarly, a ferro-silico-mangano-aluminium alloy must contain more than 8 % silicon, more than 30 % manganese and more than 10 % aluminium to be classified in subheading 7202 99 80. If a binary, ternary or quaternary ferro-alloy is not specifically named, it is classified in subheading 7202 99 80. Waste products of the iron and steel industry, which are melted down and roughly recast in the form of ingots (teemed waste), and have the composition of a ferro-alloy and are used as addition products in the manufacture of special steels, are classified in the subheadings of heading 7202 according to the constituent material. This heading does not cover residues from the fusion of non-ferrous metals, which, because of the presence of sulphur or phosphorous or some other impurity, cannot be used as ferro-alloys (generally, heading 2620).

Notes 1. In this chapter and, in the case of notes (d), (e) and (f) throughout the nomenclature, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: (a) Pig iron Iron-carbon alloys not usefully malleable, containing more than 2 % by weight of carbon and which may contain by weight one or more other elements within the following limits: — not more than 10 % of chromium, — not more than 6 % of manganese, — not more than 3 % of phosphorus, — not more than 8 % of silicon, — a total of not more than 10 % of other elements. (b) Spiegeleisen Iron-carbon alloys containing by weight more than 6 % but not more than 30 % of manganese and otherwise conforming to the specification at (a) above. (c) Ferro-alloys Alloys in pigs, blocks, lumps or similar primary forms, in forms obtained by continuous casting and also in granular or powder forms, whether or not agglomerated, commonly used as an additive in the manufacture of other alloys or as de-oxidants, de-sulphurising agents or for similar uses in ferrous metallurgy and generally not usefully malleable, containing by weight 4 % or more of the element iron and one or more of the following: — more than 10 % of chromium, — more than 30 % of manganese, — more than 3 % of phosphorus, — more than 8 % of silicon, — a total of more than 10 % of other elements, excluding carbon, subject to a maximum content of 10 % in the case of copper. (d) Steel Ferrous materials other than those of heading 7203 which (with the exception of certain types produced in the form of castings) are usefully malleable and which contain by weight 2 % or less of carbon. However, chromium steels may contain higher proportions of carbon. (e) Stainless steel Alloy steels containing, by weight, 1,2 % or less of carbon and 10,5 % or more of chromium, with or without other elements. (f) Other alloy steel Steels not complying with the definition of stainless steel and containing by weight one or more of the following elements in the proportion shown: — 0,3 % or more of aluminium, — 0,0008 % or more of boron, — 0,3 % or more of chromium, — 0,3 % or more of cobalt, — 0,4 % or more of copper, — 0,4 % or more of lead, — 1,65 % or more of manganese, — 0,08 % or more of molybdenum, — 0,3 % or more of nickel, — 0,06 % or more of niobium, — 0,6 % or more of silicon, — 0,05 % or more of titanium, — 0,3 % or more of tungsten (wolfram), — 0,1 % or more of vanadium, — 0,05 % or more of zirconium, — 0,1 % or more of other elements (except sulphur, phosphorus, carbon and nitrogen), taken separately. (g) Remelting scrap ingots of iron or steel Products roughly cast in the form of ingots without feeder-heads or hot tops, or of pigs, having obvious surface faults and not complying with the chemical composition of pig iron, spiegeleisen or ferro-alloys. (h) Granules Products of which less than 90 % by weight passes through a sieve with a mesh aperture of 1 mm and of which 90 % or more by weight passes through a sieve with a mesh aperture of 5 mm. (ij) Semi-finished products Continuous cast products of solid section, whether or not subjected to primary hot-rolling; and other products of solid section, which have not been further worked than subjected to primary hot-rolling or roughly shaped by forging, including blanks for angles, shapes or sections. These products are not presented in coils. (k) Flat-rolled products Rolled products of solid rectangular (other than square) cross-section, which do not conform to the definition at (ij) above in the form of: — coils of successively superimposed layers, or — straight lengths, which if of a thickness less than 4,75 mm are of a width measuring at least 10 times the thickness or if of a thickness of 4,75 mm or more are of a width which exceeds 150 mm and measures at least twice the thickness. Flat-rolled products include those with patterns in relief derived directly from rolling (for example, grooves, ribs, chequers, tears, buttons, lozenges) and those which have been perforated, corrugated or polished, provided that they do not thereby assume the character of articles or products of other headings. Flat-rolled products of a shape other than rectangular or square, of any size, are to be classified as products of a width of 600 mm or more, provided that they do not assume the character of articles or products of other headings. (l) Bars and rods, hot-rolled, in irregularly wound coils Hot-rolled products in irregularly wound coils, which have a solid cross-section in the shape of circles, segments of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), triangles or other convex polygons (including ‘flattened circles’ and ‘modified rectangles’, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). These products may have indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process (reinforcing bars and rods). (m) Other bars and rods Products which do not conform to any of the definitions at (ij), (k) or (l) above or to the definition of wire, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, segments of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), triangles or other convex polygons (including ‘flattened circles’ and ‘modified rectangles’, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). These products may: — have indentations, ribs, grooves or other deformations produced during the rolling process (reinforcing bars and rods), — be twisted after rolling. (n) Angles, shapes and sections Products having a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length which do not conform to any of the definitions at (ij), (k), (l) or (m) above or to the definition of wire. Chapter 72 does not include products of heading 7301 or 7302. (o) Wire Cold-formed products in coils, of any uniform solid cross-section along their whole length, which do not conform to the definition of flat-rolled products. (p) Hollow drill bars and rods Hollow bars and rods of any cross-section, suitable for drills, of which the greatest external dimension of the cross-section exceeds 15 mm but does not exceed 52 mm, and of which the greatest internal dimension does not exceed one half of the greatest external dimension. Hollow bars and rods of iron or steel not conforming to this definition are to be classified in heading 7304. 2. Ferrous metals clad with another ferrous metal are to be classified as products of the ferrous metal predominating by weight. 3. Iron or steel products obtained by electrolytic deposition, by pressure casting or by sintering are to be classified, according to their form, their composition and their appearance, in the headings of this chapter appropriate to similar hot-rolled products. Subheading notes 1. In this chapter, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: (a) Alloy pig iron Pig iron containing, by weight, one or more of the following elements in the specified proportions: — more than 0,2 % of chromium, — more than 0,3 % of copper, — more than 0,3 % of nickel, — more than 0,1 % of any of the following elements: aluminium, molybdenum, titanium, tungsten (wolfram), vanadium. (b) Non-alloy free-cutting steel Non-alloy steel containing, by weight, one or more of the following elements in the specified proportions: — 0,08 % or more of sulphur, — 0,1 % or more of lead, — more than 0,05 % of selenium, — more than 0,01 % of tellurium, — more than 0,05 % of bismuth. (c) Silicon-electrical steel Alloy steels containing by weight at least 0,6 % but not more than 6 % of silicon and not more than 0,08 % of carbon. They may also contain by weight not more than 1 % of aluminium but no other element in a proportion that would give the steel the characteristics of another alloy steel. (d) High-speed steel Alloy steels containing, with or without other elements, at least two of the three elements molybdenum, tungsten and vanadium with a combined content by weight of 7 % or more, 0,6 % or more of carbon and 3 to 6 % of chromium. (e) Silico-manganese steel Alloy steels containing by weight: — not more than 0,7 % of carbon, — 0,5 % or more but not more than 1,9 % of manganese, and — 0,6 % or more but not more than 2,3 % of silicon, but no other element in a proportion that would give the steel the characteristics of another alloy steel. 2. For the classification of ferro-alloys in the subheadings of heading 7202, the following rule should be observed: A ferro-alloy is considered as binary and classified under the relevant subheading (if it exists) if only one of the alloy elements exceeds the minimum percentage laid down in note 1(c) to this chapter; by analogy, it is considered respectively as ternary or quaternary if two or three alloy elements exceed the minimum percentage. For the application of this rule, the unspecified ‘other elements’ referred to in note 1(c) to this chapter must each exceed 10 % by weight. Additional note 1. The following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: — ‘Electrical’: for the purposes of subheadings 7209 16 10, 7209 17 10, 7209 18 10, 7209 26 10, 7209 27 10, 7209 28 10 and 7211 23 20, flat-rolled products which under a current at 50 Hz and a magnetic flux of 1 T have a watt-loss per kilogram, calculated by the Epstein method, of: — 2,1 W or less, when their thickness does not exceed 0,20 mm, — 3,6 W or less, when their thickness is not less than 0,20 mm but less than 0,60 mm, — 6 W or less, when their thickness is not less than 0,60 mm but not greater than 1,50 mm. — ‘Tinplate’: for the purposes of subheadings 7210 12 20, 7210 70 10, 7212 10 10 and 7212 40 20, flat-rolled products (of a thickness of less than 0,5 mm) coated with a layer of metal containing, by weight, 97 % or more of tin. — ‘Tool steel’: for the purposes of subheadings 7224 10 10, 7224 90 02, 7225 30 10, 7225 40 12, 7226 91 20, 7228 30 20, 7228 40 10, 7228 50 20 and 7228 60 20, alloy steels, other than stainless or high-speed steel, containing, by weight, one of the following compositions, with or without other elements: — less than 0,6 % of carbon and 0,7 % or more of silicon and 0,05 % or more of vanadium or 4 % or more of tungsten, — 0,8 % or more of carbon and 0,05 % or more of vanadium, — more than 1,2 % of carbon and not less than 11 % but not more than 15 % of chromium, — 0,16 % or more but not more than 0,5 % of carbon and 3,8 % or more but not more than 4,3 % of nickel and 1,1 % or more but not more than 1,5 % of chromium and 0,15 % or more but not more than 0,5 % of molybdenum, — 0,3 % or more but not more than 0,5 % of carbon and 1,4 % or more but not more than 2,1 % of chromium and 0,15 % or more but not more than 0,5 % of molybdenum and less than 1,2 % of nickel, — 0,3 % or more of carbon and less than 5,2 % of chromium and 0,65 % or more of molybdenum or 0,4 % or more of tungsten, — 0,5 % or more but not more than 0,6 % of carbon and 1,25 % or more but not more than 1,8 % of nickel and 0,5 % or more but not more than 1,2 % of chromium and 0,15 % or more but not more than 0,5 % of molybdenum.

BASE METALS AND ARTICLES OF BASE METAL Notes 1. This section does not cover: (a) prepared paints, inks or other products with a basis of metallic flakes or powder (headings 3207 to 3210, 3212, 3213 or 3215); (b) ferro-cerium or other pyrophoric alloys (heading 3606); (c) headgear or parts thereof of heading 6506 or 6507; (d) umbrella frames or other articles of heading 6603; (e) goods of Chapter 71 (for example, precious-metal alloys, base metal clad with precious metal, imitation jewellery); (f) articles of Section XVI (machinery, mechanical appliances and electrical goods); (g) assembled railway or tramway track (heading 8608) or other articles of Section XVII (vehicles, ships and boats, aircraft); (h) instruments or apparatus of Section XVIII, including clock or watch springs; (ij) lead shot prepared for ammunition (heading 9306) or other articles of Section XIX (arms and ammunition); (k) articles of Chapter 94 (for example, furniture, mattress supports, luminaires and lighting fittings, illuminated signs, prefabricated buildings); (l) articles of Chapter 95 (for example, toys, games, sports requisites); (m) hand sieves, buttons, pens, pencil-holders, pen nibs, monopods, bipods, tripods and similar articles or other articles of Chapter 96 (miscellaneous manufactured articles); or (n) articles of Chapter 97 (for example, works of art). 2. Throughout the nomenclature, the expression ‘parts of general use’ means: (a) articles of heading 7307, 7312, 7315, 7317 or 7318 and similar articles of other base metal, other than articles specially designed for use exclusively in implants in medical, surgical, dental or veterinary sciences (heading 9021); (b) springs and leaves for springs, of base metal, other than clock or watch springs (heading 9114); and (c) articles of headings 8301, 8302, 8308, 8310 and frames and mirrors, of base metal, of heading 8306. In Chapters 73 to 76 and 78 to 82 (but not in heading 7315), references to parts of goods do not include references to parts of general use as defined above. Subject to the preceding paragraph and to note 1 to Chapter 83, the articles of Chapter 82 or 83 are excluded from Chapters 72 to 76 and 78 to 81. 3. Throughout the nomenclature, the expression ‘base metals’ means: iron and steel, copper, nickel, aluminium, lead, zinc, tin, tungsten (wolfram), molybdenum, tantalum, magnesium, cobalt, bismuth, cadmium, titanium, zirconium, antimony, manganese, beryllium, chromium, germanium, vanadium, gallium, hafnium, indium, niobium (columbium), rhenium and thallium. 4. Throughout the nomenclature, the term ‘cermets’ means products containing a microscopic heterogeneous combination of a metallic component and a ceramic component. The term ‘cermets’ includes sintered metal carbides (metal carbides sintered with a metal). 5. Classification of alloys (other than ferro-alloys and master alloys as defined in Chapters 72 and 74): (a) An alloy of base metals is to be classified as an alloy of the metal which predominates by weight over each of the other metals. (b) An alloy composed of base metals of this section and of elements not falling within this section is to be treated as an alloy of base metals of this section if the total weight of such metals equals or exceeds the total weight of the other elements present. (c) In this section, the term ‘alloys’ includes sintered mixtures of metal powders, heterogeneous intimate mixtures obtained by melting (other than cermets) and intermetallic compounds. 6. Unless the context otherwise requires, any reference in the nomenclature to a base metal includes a reference to alloys which, by virtue of note 5 above, are to be classified as alloys of that metal. 7. Classification of composite articles: Except where the headings otherwise require, articles of base metal (including articles of mixed materials treated as articles of base metal under the general interpretative rules) containing two or more base metals are to be treated as articles of the base metal predominating by weight over each of the other metals. For this purpose: (a) Iron and steel, or different kinds of iron or steel, are regarded as one and the same metal. (b) An alloy is regarded as being entirely composed of that metal as an alloy of which, by virtue of note 5, it is classified. (c) A cermet of heading 8113 is regarded as a single base metal. 8. In this section, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: (a) Waste and scrap (1) all metal waste and scrap; (2) metal goods definitely not usable as such because of breakage, cutting-up, wear or other reasons. (b) Powders Products of which 90 % or more by weight passes through a sieve having a mesh aperture of 1 mm. 9. For the purposes of Chapters 74 to 76 and 78 to 81, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them: (a) Bars and rods Rolled, extruded, drawn or forged products, not in coils, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons (including ‘flattened circles’ and ‘modified rectangles’, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). Products with a rectangular (including square), triangular or polygonal cross-section may have corners rounded along their whole length. The thickness of such products which have a rectangular (including ‘modified rectangular’) cross-section exceeds one-tenth of the width. The expression also covers cast or sintered products, of the same forms and dimensions, which have been subsequently worked after production (otherwise than by simple trimming or de-scaling), provided that they have not thereby assumed the character of articles or products of other headings. Wire-bars and billets of Chapter 74 with their ends tapered or otherwise worked simply to facilitate their entry into machines for converting them into, for example, drawing stock (wire-rod) or tubes, are however to be taken to be unwrought copper of heading 7403. This provision applies mutatis mutandis to the products of Chapter 81. (b) Profiles Rolled, extruded, drawn, forged or formed products, coiled or not, of a uniform cross-section along their whole length, which do not conform to any of the definitions of bars, rods, wire, plates, sheets, strip, foil, tubes or pipes. The expression also covers cast or sintered products, of the same forms, which have been subsequently worked after production (otherwise than by simple trimming or de-scaling), provided that they have not thereby assumed the character of articles or products of other headings. (c) Wire Rolled, extruded or drawn products, in coils, which have a uniform solid cross-section along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons (including ‘flattened circles’ and ‘modified rectangles’, of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel). Products with a rectangular (including square), triangular or polygonal cross-section may have corners rounded along their whole length. The thickness of such products which have a rectangular (including ‘modified rectangular’) cross-section exceeds one-tenth of the width. (d) Plates, sheets, strip and foil Flat-surfaced products (other than the unwrought products), coiled or not, of solid rectangular (other than square) cross-section with or without rounded corners (including ‘modified rectangles’ of which two opposite sides are convex arcs, the other two sides being straight, of equal length and parallel) of a uniform thickness, which are: - of rectangular (including square) shape with a thickness not exceeding one-tenth of the width - of a shape other than rectangular or square, of any size, provided that they do not assume the character of articles or products of other headings. Headings for plates, sheets, strip, and foil apply, inter alia, to plates, sheets, strip, and foil with patterns (for example, grooves, ribs, chequers, tears, buttons, lozenges) and to such products which have been perforated, corrugated, polished or coated, provided that they do not thereby assume the character of articles or products of other headings. (e) Tubes and pipes Hollow products, coiled or not, which have a uniform cross-section with only one enclosed void along their whole length in the shape of circles, ovals, rectangles (including squares), equilateral triangles or regular convex polygons, and which have a uniform wall thickness. Products with a rectangular (including square), equilateral triangular or regular convex polygonal cross-section, which may have corners rounded along their whole length, are also to be considered as tubes and pipes provided the inner and outer cross-sections are concentric and have the same form and orientation. Tubes and pipes of the foregoing cross-sections may be polished, coated, bent, threaded, drilled, waisted, expanded, cone-shaped or fitted with flanges, collars or rings.